Harmony 计划将 ONE 迁移到以太坊并关闭主网

Harmony 提议关闭其已有 7 年历史的 Layer 1 区块链，在以太坊上发行 ONE，并将未来的代币发行引导至一个新的人工智能视频项目。

摘要 ONE 余额将记录在 Harmony 的最后一个区块中，并在以太坊上重新创建为 ERC-20 代币。

用户必须在 9 月 10 日之前退出智能合约，因为应用程序和流动性池无法自动迁移。

Harmony 预留了 137.2 万美元，用于在四个季度内补偿符合条件的验证者和委托者。

该提案是在 8 月份的一次漏洞利用之后创建的，该漏洞创建了数万亿个未经授权的 ONE 代币，并促使实施了回滚计划。

Harmony said in a Sept. 6 post that the mainnet’s exposure to “state actors” and “AI agents” has made continued operation too risky, leading the team to propose retiring the network it launched in 2019.

该计划仍然不具有约束力，Harmony 尚未宣布何时生成区块链的最终区块。该团队还没有解释验证者是否会通过网络现有的治理流程来决定提案。

根据 Harmony 公布的治理规则，提案必须获得代表至少 51% 总权益权重的投票。经过 7 天的介绍期和 14 天的投票后，需要获得 66.7% 参与投票权的支持才能获得批准。

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Harmony 将在以太坊上重新创建 ONE 余额

Rather than asking holders to exchange their tokens manually, Harmony plans to take a snapshot at the final block and distribute replacement ONE tokens on Ethereum. ERC-20 版本将转到快照中记录的相同地址，从而无需单独声明。

The snapshot would cover ONE held in personal wallets, staking delegations, unclaimed validator rewards, smart contracts, and centralized exchange accounts. Harmony 计划与交易所协调，以便他们现有的 ONE 列表可以转移到基于以太坊的代币。

委托代币和未支付的验证者奖励将通过单独的州长金库单独处理。根据该提案，过渡期间 ONE 的总供应量及其预定发行率将保持不变。

为了允许外部审查该过程，Harmony 表示将发布以太坊代币合约、快照计算和空投脚本。项目尚未公布合约地址或最终快照方式。

虽然普通钱包余额会自动包含在内，但几种类型的资产无法以当前形式复制到以太坊。 Harmony 表示，多重签名金库、流动性池和在主网上运行的应用程序不会随代币余额一起迁移。

Users have therefore been asked to withdraw from smart contracts before Sept. 10. Anyone who leaves assets inside a decentralized exchange pool, lending market, or another on-chain application could face complications because the protocol state and its related contracts will not be recreated on Ethereum.

对于中心化交易所客户来说，该过程将部分取决于每个平台对迁移的支持。 Harmony has proposed moving exchange-held balances and listings to the ERC-20 token, although it has not published a list of participating exchanges or their individual timetables.

验证者面临单独的关闭条件

从 9 月 10 日开始，当网络为最终区块做准备时，验证者将被允许关闭其节点。 Harmony 已为符合条件的验证者及其委托人预留了 137.2 万美元，计划分四个季度分期付款。

资格有几个条件。 Validators must stop their nodes within the required period, retain their stakes, sign an agreement, and continue serving as governors after the mainnet closes.该池还将涵盖验证者在最后一个区块获得的奖励与通过最终网络区块获得的奖励之间的差额。

Harmony has not disclosed how the $1.372 million will be divided among validators and delegators.根据团队描述的条款，最终付款可能取决于股权水平和对拟议协议的遵守情况。

Operators could later remain in governance or join Harmony’s planned “remix economy” as operators or affiliates.未来的 ONE 排放将为新的人工智能视频计划提供资金，尽管 Harmony 表示州长们仍可以就这一安排提供反馈。

Under the proposed model, video creators would publish prompts and related assets that fans could copy and alter. AI agents would turn the resulting branches into additional clips, while operators would manage video generation, distribution and content moderation.

Harmony said staking levels and service uptime would affect operator rewards. The project also plans to subsidize graphics processing hardware during the first year and has projected up to $1 million in combined operator revenue, subject to the service and staking requirements.

该商业模式包括每月 10 美元的订阅费。 Affiliates would receive a recurring 30% commission from users they refer, while Harmony estimated that advertising could produce tens of millions of dollars if the platform reached 1 million users. Both revenue figures remain projections from the project rather than confirmed income.

8 月份的漏洞导致 Harmony 关闭

The retirement proposal follows an August security breach that produced unauthorized ONE tokens and forced the team to consider reversing several days of blockchain activity.

On Aug. 12, crypto.news reported an unauthorized mint after on-chain researcher Juiceberg estimated that almost 4 billion ONE had been created through empty blocks. The researcher claimed that about 2.8 billion tokens reached centralized exchanges, but Harmony had not confirmed either figure when it first disclosed the incident.

Harmony’s later investigation found that more than 3 trillion ONE had been generated through six transactions. The team linked the exploit to a weakness in cross-shard receipt verification that allowed valid receipts to be processed repeatedly without matching deductions elsewhere on the network.

One wallet connected to the activity attempted 534 transfers of 5 billion ONE within 106 seconds, according to Harmony’s reconstruction. Of the attempted transfers, 477 succeeded and moved a combined 2.385 trillion ONE.

Investigators traced the created tokens to standalone wallets, exchange accounts, decentralized exchange routers, liquidity pools, bridge contracts, wrapped ONE and staking wallets. Harmony said it contacted exchanges, bridges, and law-enforcement agencies while tracking the assets.

By Aug. 17, the team had proposed returning both network shards to checkpoints recorded at 11:25:37 p.m. UTC on Aug. 11. Shard 0 would keep block 92,730,034 and restart from the next block, while shard 1 would return to block 94,978,278 despite not being the origin of the unauthorized mint.

The rollback would remove 141,628 consecutive blocks from shard 0, including 109,126 regular transactions and 315 staking transactions. Harmony classified 104,545 of the regular transactions, or 95.8%, as automated activity, with almost 100,000 tied to decentralized exchange automation.

At the time, the team considered migration but said it would cause more disruption than a rollback. Less than a month later, moving ONE to Ethereum became part of the proposed mainnet closure.

美国持有人可能需要详细的移民记录

For U.S. token holders, the migration may create tax-record concerns even if Harmony distributes ERC-20 ONE automatically. The IRS treats digital assets as property and requires taxpayers to report sales, exchanges, and other taxable disposals.

IRS guidance says exchanging one digital asset for another that differs materially in kind or extent can produce a capital gain or loss. Harmony 将替代品描述为供应量和排放量不变的 ONE 代币，但该机构尚未发布针对这一特定主网到以太坊迁移的指南。

因此，美国持有者可能需要保留其原始购买记录、钱包历史记录、最终 Harmony 快照以及收到以太坊代币时的价值。交易所客户还应保留其平台提供的所有迁移通知和 1099-DA 表格信息，因为 IRS 表示，即使经纪人不提供表格，纳税人仍然有责任报告应税活动。

在八月份的事件发生之前，Harmony 就面临安全问题。 2023 年 12 月，该项目披露，错误的质押逻辑在 74 个委托人地址上创建了 1.4628 亿个 ONE，导致区块 51,118,080 发生紧急硬分叉。

其早期最大的损失发生在 2022 年 6 月，当时攻击者在控制其多重签名钱包使用的密钥后，从 Horizo​​n 跨链桥窃取了近 1 亿美元。 Harmony 的回应是将黑客赏金提高到 1000 万美元，并与交易所、分析公司和执法部门合作。